ETK-2026-4448Zero's internal tracking ID, independent of the CVE number.

validatedZero produced an exploit or a check.

GHSA-6q4w-p2f4-q8q8 ↗

check availableZero validated a working check for it.not proven exploitableZero has a detection check, but hasn't produced a full working exploit yet.
awaiting cvepublic pocExploit code has been published by someone. Source signals can also carry a PoC (Proof of Concept).kevAttacks confirmed in the real world.
FreeScout <1.8.251
fixed in 1.8.251
CWE-290 Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
ETK-2026-4448Zero's internal tracking ID, independent of the CVE number., no cve assigned
−59mTTV
46mAI analysisAnalysis: how long the AI spent reversing this signal.
Check if you are vulnerable
timeline
0 = cve.org, not yet published
trigger signal −1h58mcheck available−0h59magent stopped
0

description

FreeScout versions before 1.8.251 can associate an inbound email with an existing helpdesk conversation using an insufficiently validated message identifier. An attacker who knows an identifier from a customer's message can take over the conversation, view subsequent replies, and impersonate the customer to support staff. Exploitation requires the installation to fetch email from a mailbox.

mitigation

Upgrade FreeScout to version 1.8.251 or later. Until upgraded, restrict access to helpdesk mailboxes and treat externally supplied message-threading headers as untrusted.

fixed in 1.8.251

check
available
exploit
no
automationDeterministic: a check that runs on its own, the same request on every target. Contextual: an agentic technique that needs to be applied per target, for bugs that depend on contextual flows.
deterministic
auth requiredWhether an attacker needs an account first, based on the CVSS vector's Privileges Required.
no
EPSSEstimate of the chance this CVE is exploited in the next 30 days. Refreshed daily.
–
agent run time
46m
cve.org record, t = 0The moment cve.org publishes the CVE in full.
not published yet
Δ to public pocExploit code has been published by someone. Source signals can also carry a PoC (Proof of Concept).
–
Δ to kevAttacks confirmed in the real world.
–

outcome

Check only, differential: the check fires on the vulnerable build and is silent on the patched one.

source signals

Public signals that triggered or updated the pipeline. These are inputs for the deltas above.

  1. 2026-11-14 06:59Z

this entry in the feed

GET /api/v1/feed/ETK-2026-4448

{
  "etk_id": "ETK-2026-4448",
  "cve_id": null,
  "display_id": "ETK-2026-4448",
  "ghsa_id": "GHSA-6q4w-p2f4-q8q8",
  "euvd_id": null,
  "status": "published",
  "anchor_state": "awaiting_cve",
  "title": "Unauthenticated email conversation takeover in FreeScout",
  "summary": "FreeScout versions before 1.8.251 can associate an inbound email with an existing helpdesk conversation using an insufficiently validated message identifier. An attacker who knows an identifier from a customer's message can take over the conversation, view subsequent replies, and impersonate the customer to support staff. Exploitation requires the installation to fetch email from a mailbox.",
  "mitigation": "Upgrade FreeScout to version 1.8.251 or later. Until upgraded, restrict access to helpdesk mailboxes and treat externally supplied message-threading headers as untrusted.",
  "vendor": null,
  "product": "FreeScout",
  "affected": [
    {
      "affected_notes": [],
      "affected_ranges": [
        "<1.8.251"
      ],
      "ecosystem": null,
      "fixed_versions": [
        "1.8.251"
      ],
      "package_name": "FreeScout",
      "purl": null
    }
  ],
  "cwes": [
    290
  ],
  "cvss_score": 9.1,
  "cvss_src": "cna_vendor",
  "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
  "epss_score": null,
  "epss_percentile": null,
  "epss_asof": null,
  "automation": "deterministic",
  "check": true,
  "check_confidence_basis": "differential",
  "exploit": false,
  "pipeline_minutes": 46.196977,
  "t0_at": null,
  "signals": {
    "check": {
      "at": "2026-11-14T07:58:08.012834+00:00",
      "days": -0.041077219976851854,
      "is_lower_bound": true,
      "measured_at": "2026-11-14T08:57:17.210202+00:00",
      "url": null
    },
    "trigger_signal": {
      "at": "2026-11-14T06:59:05+00:00",
      "days": -0.08208431296296297,
      "is_lower_bound": true,
      "measured_at": "2026-11-14T08:57:17.210202+00:00",
      "url": "https://github.com/freescout-help-desk/freescout/security/advisories/GHSA-6q4w-p2f4-q8q8"
    }
  }
}

published 2026-11-14 07:11Z
last change 2026-11-14 08:47Z

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