CVE-2023-54404

{
  "etk_id": "ETK-2026-264",
  "cve_id": "CVE-2023-54404",
  "display_id": "CVE-2023-54404",
  "ghsa_id": "GHSA-mrhx-c7xc-m3w5",
  "euvd_id": "EUVD-2023-60702",
  "status": "published",
  "anchor_state": "anchored",
  "title": "Unbounded array validation memory consumption in Zod",
  "summary": "Zod through 4.6.5 can consume excessive memory when an application validates attacker-controlled large arrays against array schemas without length constraints. An attacker may cause the application process to run out of memory by submitting such input; exposure requires a reachable validation path that accepts unbounded arrays.",
  "mitigation": "Apply maximum-length constraints to array schemas that process untrusted input, and enforce request-body and input-size limits before validation. Limit public access to endpoints accepting large arrays until a confirmed fixed Zod release can be deployed.",
  "vendor": "colinhacks",
  "product": "zod",
  "affected": [
    {
      "affected_notes": [],
      "affected_ranges": [
        ">= 0, <= 4.6.5"
      ],
      "ecosystem": null,
      "fixed_versions": [],
      "package_name": "zod",
      "purl": null
    }
  ],
  "cwes": [
    770
  ],
  "cvss_score": 8.2,
  "cvss_src": "cna_vendor",
  "cvss_vector": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
  "epss_score": 0.0035,
  "epss_percentile": 0.2724,
  "epss_asof": "2026-10-20",
  "automation": "contextual",
  "check": true,
  "check_confidence_basis": "assessed",
  "exploit": false,
  "pipeline_minutes": 13.94527565,
  "t0_at": "2026-10-01T17:11:13.762000+00:00",
  "signals": {
    "check": {
      "at": "2026-10-01T18:11:06.578082+00:00",
      "days": 0.041583519467592596,
      "is_lower_bound": false,
      "measured_at": "2026-10-01T17:11:13.762000+00:00",
      "url": null
    },
    "trigger_signal": {
      "at": "2026-10-01T17:11:13.762000+00:00",
      "days": 0,
      "is_lower_bound": false,
      "measured_at": "2026-10-01T17:11:13.762000+00:00",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-54404"
    }
  }
}